Hello people,
I have some questions regarding the installation/partitioning process. But let me first say that my installation is up and running right now and I've not ran into any problems (yet). However I'm a bit confused and suspect I did something wrong.
What I wanted to do: My new laptop (no OS) has a 256GB SSD and a 1TB HDD. My plan was to have my /home on the HDD and root on the SSD. Also I wanted to use the UEFI my device offers.
What I did: I used the partitioning tool inside the installer (manual option). As for my HDD I just made one large ext4 partition with mounting point '/home'. On the SSD the first partition I created was the UEFI one. I choose the EFI option and entered the size '256'. As the second partition I choose the swap option and entered the size '4096'. Then I created a third partition the size of the remaining space with ext4 and mounting point '/'.
I ran the installation which seemed to work fine.
1. Did I choose the partition sizes correctly? IIRC the installer said that the sizes are in MiB. Thats why I choose values like 256 and 4096. However after partitioning the sizes are all different (smaller). Is this because the file system needs some space aswell? Or did I make a conversion error? E.g. my swap should be 4GiB as I set it to 4096MiB but the partition manager only sees 3,81GiB. You can see the different sizes on the screenshots below.
2. How do I check disk usage correctly? This came to my attention when I was looking at the KDE Partition Manager after the successful installation. Some disk usage values were downright impossible. E.g. the KDE partition manager tells me that my 3,81GiB swap has a usage of 47,05GiB. Funnily thats the same usage my /home HDD is supposed to have. Keep in mind that this is on a fresh install. I hadn't moved anything into my home folders yet and they're supposed to be almost 50GiB?! This made me suspicious so I installed Gparted. And voila, gparted offered yet another set of different usage values.
Although they were more believable I still wasn't convinced so I looked up how to check disk space in the terminal. Running 'fdisk -l', 'df -a' and 'df -h' left me even more confused.
Let me give you an example: My HDD is 1TB so the physical size should be 931,3GiB. The partition should be the same and in fact the KDE Partition Manager, Gparted and fdisk display a size of 931,5GiB. Running df -h shows a size of 917G. Now the strange part: KDE Partition Manager shows a disk usage of 47,05GiB, Gparted says 15,2GiB, df -a shows 476332B, df -h shows 473M. This leaves me with different available diskspace: Gparted says 916,3GiB are unused, KDE partman would leave me with 931,5-47,05=884,45GiB, Dolphin and df -h says 870G. I have linked some screens and output below.
Maybe you can see where my confusion comes from. Its hard for me to believe that a fresh install would consume so much space (eg. 47G on a fresh /home). And why I didn't have the full partition size available in the first place (eg. only 917G of 931G). Maybe I made a mistake during the installation?
Info
Screenshots: https://imgur.com/a/iiwa3
Unrelated: GRUB Legacy Version. Is that 'Legacy' as in 'not-UEFI'? I've set my bootoptions to 'UEFI only' and Kubuntu boots without problem so I guess UEFI boot is working correctly?
Thanks in advance for your answers
Regards,
Skal
I have some questions regarding the installation/partitioning process. But let me first say that my installation is up and running right now and I've not ran into any problems (yet). However I'm a bit confused and suspect I did something wrong.
What I wanted to do: My new laptop (no OS) has a 256GB SSD and a 1TB HDD. My plan was to have my /home on the HDD and root on the SSD. Also I wanted to use the UEFI my device offers.
What I did: I used the partitioning tool inside the installer (manual option). As for my HDD I just made one large ext4 partition with mounting point '/home'. On the SSD the first partition I created was the UEFI one. I choose the EFI option and entered the size '256'. As the second partition I choose the swap option and entered the size '4096'. Then I created a third partition the size of the remaining space with ext4 and mounting point '/'.
I ran the installation which seemed to work fine.
1. Did I choose the partition sizes correctly? IIRC the installer said that the sizes are in MiB. Thats why I choose values like 256 and 4096. However after partitioning the sizes are all different (smaller). Is this because the file system needs some space aswell? Or did I make a conversion error? E.g. my swap should be 4GiB as I set it to 4096MiB but the partition manager only sees 3,81GiB. You can see the different sizes on the screenshots below.
2. How do I check disk usage correctly? This came to my attention when I was looking at the KDE Partition Manager after the successful installation. Some disk usage values were downright impossible. E.g. the KDE partition manager tells me that my 3,81GiB swap has a usage of 47,05GiB. Funnily thats the same usage my /home HDD is supposed to have. Keep in mind that this is on a fresh install. I hadn't moved anything into my home folders yet and they're supposed to be almost 50GiB?! This made me suspicious so I installed Gparted. And voila, gparted offered yet another set of different usage values.
Although they were more believable I still wasn't convinced so I looked up how to check disk space in the terminal. Running 'fdisk -l', 'df -a' and 'df -h' left me even more confused.
Let me give you an example: My HDD is 1TB so the physical size should be 931,3GiB. The partition should be the same and in fact the KDE Partition Manager, Gparted and fdisk display a size of 931,5GiB. Running df -h shows a size of 917G. Now the strange part: KDE Partition Manager shows a disk usage of 47,05GiB, Gparted says 15,2GiB, df -a shows 476332B, df -h shows 473M. This leaves me with different available diskspace: Gparted says 916,3GiB are unused, KDE partman would leave me with 931,5-47,05=884,45GiB, Dolphin and df -h says 870G. I have linked some screens and output below.
Maybe you can see where my confusion comes from. Its hard for me to believe that a fresh install would consume so much space (eg. 47G on a fresh /home). And why I didn't have the full partition size available in the first place (eg. only 917G of 931G). Maybe I made a mistake during the installation?
Info
Screenshots: https://imgur.com/a/iiwa3
Code:
dani@dani-ThinkPad-E570:~$ sudo fdisk -l [sudo] password for dani: Disk /dev/nvme0n1: 238,5 GiB, 256060514304 bytes, 500118192 sectors Units: sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes Disklabel type: dos Disk identifier: 0x810f1709 Device Boot Start End Sectors Size Id Type /dev/nvme0n1p1 * 2048 499711 497664 243M ef EFI (FAT-12/16/32) /dev/nvme0n1p2 499712 8499199 7999488 3,8G 82 Linux swap / Solaris /dev/nvme0n1p3 8499200 500115455 491616256 234,4G 83 Linux Disk /dev/sda: 931,5 GiB, 1000204886016 bytes, 1953525168 sectors Units: sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 4096 bytes I/O size (minimum/optimal): 4096 bytes / 4096 bytes Disklabel type: gpt
Code:
dani@dani-ThinkPad-E570:~$ df -h Filesystem Size Used Avail Use% Mounted on udev 3,9G 0 3,9G 0% /dev tmpfs 789M 9,3M 779M 2% /run /dev/nvme0n1p3 231G 5,7G 214G 3% / tmpfs 3,9G 51M 3,8G 2% /dev/shm tmpfs 5,0M 4,0K 5,0M 1% /run/lock tmpfs 3,9G 0 3,9G 0% /sys/fs/cgroup /dev/nvme0n1p1 240M 3,4M 236M 2% /boot/efi /dev/sda1 917G 473M 870G 1% /home tmpfs 789M 0 789M 0% /run/user/118 tmpfs 789M 12K 789M 1% /run/user/1000
- What release of Kubuntu you are using: 16.04 LTS
- If Kubuntu is installed, is it installed 'inside' of Windows (Wubi installation): No
- What version of KDE you are using: Plasma 5.5.5
- What version of Grub you are using: Version: 0.97-29ubuntu68
Description-en: GRand Unified Bootloader (Legacy version) - What other Operating Systems are installed: None
- Type: Laptop (Lenovo ThinkPad E570 20H6)
- CPU: Intel i5 7200U (64bit)
- GPU: Intel integrated graphics + Nvidia 950M (no driver yet)
- RAM: 8GB
- HDs: 256GB internal nvme SSD, 1TB internal Sata HDD
- Optical Drives: Internal DVD
Unrelated: GRUB Legacy Version. Is that 'Legacy' as in 'not-UEFI'? I've set my bootoptions to 'UEFI only' and Kubuntu boots without problem so I guess UEFI boot is working correctly?
Thanks in advance for your answers
Regards,
Skal
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